Prevalence And Factors Associated With Diabetes Type 2 Among Persons Aged 30 To 65 Years Old Attending Diabetic Clinic At Tororo District Hospital

Abstract

Background. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM II) prevalence is increasing rapidly around the world with both high morbidity and mortality and a high health cost. It has emerged as global pandemic due to a fast upsurge in Lifestyle, socio-demographic and health systems related factors. There was, therefore a need for this study to assess the prevalence and factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Tororo district hospital during the month of May to June, 2017. The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among clients aged 30 to 60 years attending the diabetic clinic at Tororo hospital. The factors assessed include socio-demographic, life style and healthy system factors. Method. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence and factors associated with of type 2 diabetes mellitus among persons aged 30 to 65 attending diabetic clinic at Tororo hospital. Convenience non probability random sampling technique was used to obtain respondents. Data was collected using structured questionnaire and was analyzed in SPSS version 16.00 and presented in form of frequency tables. In addition, random blood glucose testing was employed to identify with diabetes at the clinic. Subjects with random blood sugar ≥11.1mmol/l on the following day were subjected to fasting blood glucose testing and they were confirmed to have DM II if they had blood glucose level of ≥7 mmol/l. In each subject, height, weight was measured and Body mass index calculated using standard procedures. Results. A total of 110 participants were included in this study, 74 (69.1%) were females and 36(30.9%) were males. Most (59.1%) respondents in the age group 41 to 65 years. Overall prevalence of DM II was 54.5%, (n=60). Prevalence was high in females (64.9%; n= 74) than in males (33.3%; n=36). The age group 41 to 65 years had the highest prevalence of DM II (96.9%, n=65) followed by 30-40 years age group (37%, n=45). Socio-demographic factors such gender, age, relation to member of family with diabetes mellitus type 2, and average monthly income were significantly associated with prevalence of DM II. Lifestyle factors such as food consumed, weight, BMI, quantity of smoking in a day, exercising, interval of exercise per week, duration of exercise, alcohol consumption and intervals of alcohol consumption per week were significantly associated with DM II (P<0.05). Furthermore, health system factors such having availability of healthy facility in respondents home area, estimated distance to the health center and adequate staffing at facility were significantly associated with DM II (P<0.05). Conclusion and Recommendation. Higher proportion of persons with DM II attend diabetic clinic at Tororo district hospital. The most predominant age group is 40 to 65 years, with obesity or overweight. It is therefore recommended that all those over 40 years, are obese or overweight should be routinely be screened for DM II and appropriate public health education given to all diabetic patient in all hospitals nationwide.